Gemma 3 12B vs GPT-5 Nano (Comparative Analysis)
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Comparative Analysis: Gemma 3 12B vs. GPT-5 Nano
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Overview
Gemma 3 12B was released 4 months before GPT-5 Nano.
 Gemma 3 12B |  GPT-5 Nano | |
|---|---|---|
Model Provider The organization behind this AI's development | Google | OpenAI |
Input Context Window Maximum input tokens this model can process at once | 131.1K tokens | 400K tokens |
Output Token Limit Maximum output tokens this model can generate at once | 16.4K tokens | 128K tokens |
Release Date When this model first became publicly available | March 13, 2025 1 year ago March 13th, 2025 | August 7, 2025 11 months ago August 7th, 2025 |
Capabilities & Features
Compare supported features, modalities, and advanced capabilities
Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5 Nano | |
|---|---|---|
Input Types Supported input formats | 📝Text🖼️Image | 📝Text🖼️Image📁File |
Output Types Supported output formats | 📝Text | 📝Text |
Tokenizer Text encoding system | Gemini | GPT |
Key Features Advanced capabilities | ✓Function Calling✓Structured OutputReasoning ModeContent Moderation | ✓Function Calling✓Structured Output✓Reasoning Mode✓Content Moderation |
Open Source Model availability | Available on HuggingFace → | Proprietary |
Pricing
Gemma 3 12B is roughly 1.0x less expensive compared to GPT-5 Nano for input tokens and roughly 0.4x less expensive for output tokens.
| Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5 Nano | |
|---|---|---|
Input Token Cost Cost per million input tokens | $0.05 per million tokens | $0.05 per million tokens |
Output Token Cost Cost per million outut tokens | $0.15 per million tokens | $0.40 per million tokens |
Benchmarks
Compare relevant benchmarks between Gemma 3 12B and GPT-5 Nano.
| Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5 Nano | |
|---|---|---|
MMLU Measures knowledge across 57 subjects like law, math, history, and science | Benchmark not available. | Benchmark not available. |
MMMU Measures understanding of combined text and images across various domains | Benchmark not available. | Benchmark not available. |
HellaSwag Measures common sense reasoning by having models complete sentences about everyday situations | Benchmark not available. | Benchmark not available. |
At a Glance
Quick overview of what makes Gemma 3 12B and GPT-5 Nano unique.
Gemma 3 12B by Google understands both text and images, can use external tools and APIs, generates structured data. It can handle standard conversations with its 131.1K token context window. Very affordable at $0.05/M input and $0.15/M output tokens. Released March 13th, 2025.GPT-5 Nano by OpenAI understands both text and images, can use external tools and APIs, offers advanced reasoning, generates structured data. It can handle standard conversations with its 400K token context window. Very affordable at $0.05/M input and $0.40/M output tokens. Includes built-in content moderation for safer outputs. Released August 7th, 2025.Explore More Comparisons
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Compare GPT-5 Nano with:
🚀Programming
Best models for coding and development
🎨Creative & Roleplay
Models optimized for creative writing
📢Marketing
Content creation and marketing tasks
💻Technology
Technical analysis and explanations
🔬Science
Scientific research and analysis
🌐Translation
Multilingual translation tasks