This blog post explores how lower-class Black individuals, particularly entertainers and athletes, became the face of the Black community, tracing their cultural roots from slavery to modern influences, as discussed in Dr. E.P. Fraser Franklin's 1957 book, 'Black Bgeo.'
In examining the dynamics of the Black community in America, a compelling question arises: how did individuals from the lowest socio-economic strata, such as entertainers and athletes, become the most influential figures within the Black community? This inquiry is addressed through the insights of Dr. E.P. Fraser Franklin in his 1957 book, "Black Bgeo." This post will take you on a journey through the historical and cultural backstory of Black American culture, ultimately leading to an understanding of this phenomenon.
Dr. Franklin identifies two significant cultural traditions in the social history of Black Americans:
The Gentile Tradition: This tradition emerged from a small group of mulattos who assimilated the morals and manners of the slaveholding aristocracy. It emphasized conventional family life, sexual purity, and education. This group, primarily found in cities like Charleston and New Orleans, maintained a culture that was markedly different from the majority of Black Americans.
The Folk Culture: In contrast, the second tradition developed among the masses of Black Americans, who created spirituals and folk songs as adaptations to their experiences in slavery. This culture reflected the mindset of the enslaved and was rooted in their struggles and resilience.
The Gentile tradition flourished among free mulattos who had adopted the behaviors associated with the Southern elite. These families often prided themselves on their ability to blend in with white society, maintaining a closed circle that excluded those who did not share their ancestry or cultural standards. They engaged in literary societies and upheld a culture steeped in classical literature and music.
After the Civil War, this class attempted to distance itself from the newly freed Black masses, often opposing political rights for them. Their desire to maintain a distinct cultural identity led to a separation that persisted for generations.
The folk culture of Black Americans was shaped by their experiences in America, merging any surviving African elements with the realities of slavery. The church became a central institution, providing community, moral guidance, and a means of coping with their circumstances. Spirituals emerged as a form of expression, offering hope and a sense of identity.
As Black Americans migrated to urban areas, they faced the challenge of adapting their folk culture to new environments. The blues, for instance, became a reflection of their disillusionment and longing for their roots.
As the Black community transitioned from rural to urban settings, a new class emerged—the Black bourgeoisie. This group, which included educated and economically successful individuals, began to break away from the traditions of the older upper class. They adopted a more materialistic view of success, often prioritizing wealth over traditional values.
Dr. Franklin notes that the Black bourgeoisie, while initially influenced by the older traditions, increasingly distanced themselves from the Negro masses. This shift was marked by a change in the standards of respectability, where material possessions became more important than moral conduct.
Interestingly, the most influential figures within the Black community often come from lower socio-economic backgrounds. Actors and entertainers, who frequently have roots in the lower classes, wield significant influence over the morals and values of the community. Their financial success and the glamour associated with their personalities often overshadow traditional achievements.
This phenomenon is compounded by the support they receive from the white world, which helps to perpetuate a cycle of influence that can sometimes reinforce negative stereotypes and values within the community.
The evolution of Black identity in America is complex, shaped by historical circumstances and cultural adaptations. The rise of lower-class Black individuals as prominent figures in the community reflects a broader narrative of resilience and transformation. Understanding this history is crucial for recognizing the ongoing challenges and dynamics within the Black community today. As we reflect on these insights, it becomes clear that the journey towards understanding Black identity is ongoing, requiring continuous exploration and dialogue.
